Subject Polity

When Welfare Changes Without Anyone Noticing Every welfare programme asks two simple questions. Who decides the policy? Who pays for it? For much of independent India’s history, these two answers usually pointed in the same direction. If the Union designed…

Every year, when the Finance Commission announces its recommendations, one number dominates the headlines. 41%. It is presented as proof that Indian federalism remains fiscally healthy. After all, if the Union continues to share 41% of its taxes with the…

Understanding the Shift from Cooperative Federalism to Negotiated Centralisation Part 1: When the Constitution Stays the Same but Federalism Changes “The most profound constitutional transformations are often the ones that occur without changing a single word of the Constitution.” When…